Frequently
Asked Questions
- What is the most effective way
to design a brochure?
- What are the grades of paper
and the basis weight of each?
- What is the difference between
100# text stock and 14pt card stock?
- What is screen printing?
- What does (4 over 1) or (4 over
4) mean?
- Should I put my photo on my
business card?
- What are the different types
of bindings I can use for my multi-page projects?
- What's the difference between
"spot colors" and "four color process?
- What are halftones?
- What are the most common card
stocks used in postcards?
- What are the standard sizes
of postcards?
- Does white count as a printing
color?
- What are the common sizes for
catalogs and booklets?
- What is the difference between
coated and uncoated stock?
- What is PPI?
- What are embossed or debossed
invitations?
- What does the book printer
mean by trim size?
- What is greeting card scoring?
- What is dpi?
- What does the gutter refer
to in book printing?
- What does camera-ready mean?
- How come a pre-press proof
match does not match what I see on my monitor?
- What is cover stock?
- What is direct imaging?
- What are the measurements for
the most common business envelopes?
- What is camera ready art?
- What is digitizing?
- What are color separations?
- What is the Pantone Matching
System?
- How do I prepare my text for
the printer?
- What is hexachrome?
- What is a lupe (loupe)?
- What is CTP?
- What does ‘Preflight’
do?
- What is colour management?
- What is digital print workflow?
- What is monitor calibration?
- What is R.O.O.M. Proofing?
| Q: |
What is the most
effective way to design a brochure? |
| A: |
- Define the purpose of the brochure: Is it for attention
or simplicity? Do you want to grab the reader’s
attention or do you want them to easily understand a message.
- Simplify your message: Break down any long articles,
simplify text by adding tables and charts.
- Use selective emphasis: Reserve emphasis for the most
important parts of your message. Add visual contrast by
using larger typeface or graphics.
- Keep the design simple: Use a few colors and fonts.
Don’t overdo it.
- Use a single illustration on the cover.
- Make your brochure worth keeping: Encourage the consumer
to keep it handy.
|
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What are the grades
of paper and the basis weight of each? |
| A: |
The
standard weight of a paper is defined by the weight of 500
standard-sized sheets in pounds. These are the different
grades of paper and their respective basis weights.
Bond: Usually reserved
for letterheads, business forms, and quick printing jobs.
16# for forms, 20# for copying, and 24# for stationary.
Text: A high-quality
sheet with a lot of texture. Ranges in weight from 60# to
100#, but the most common weights are 70# or 80#.
Uncoated Book: The most
common sheet for offset printing. Usually a 50# to 70# stock.
Coated Book: A glossy
sheet that yields vivid colors and excellent reproduction.
Generally goes from 30# to 70# for web, 60# to 110# for
sheet fed.
Cover: Used for book
covers, postcards, and business cards. Coated or uncoated.
Come in 60#, 65#, 80# or 100# weights. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is the difference
between 100# text stock and 14pt card stock? |
| A: |
100#
text is measured in weight. 14 pt is measured in thickness.
It can be hard to differentiate between the two unless you
know both weight and thickness. The size paper comes from
the mill is called "parent" or "basis"
size, and it differs for different kinds of paper. This is
why "80# cover" is heavier than "100# text."
The point system, on the other hand, measures paper thickness,
not weight, and is typically used with coated papers. Make
sure you ask the printer before they begin your work. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is screen
printing? |
| A: |
Screen-printing
is a print process where a design or logo is transfered to
the substrate by way of a screen. The printer will transfer
the inks through the screen to the garment to achieve the
desired result. The process involoves exact pressures, specialized
inks, and heat curing to result in a long lasting design.
Screen printers can normally print up to four colors. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What does (4 over
1) or (4 over 4) mean? |
| A: |
4
over 1 refers to full color on the front and black & white
on the back. 4 over 4 refers to full Color on both the front
and back. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
Should I put my
photo on my business card? |
| A: |
Here
are some of the advantages and disadvantages of adding your
photo to a business card:
Here are some the advantages:
Cards with a photo on them are often placed on top of any
pile of cards and are easier to locate later due to the
fact that they usually have more color than the typical
business card.
Photos give prospects a chance to begin getting acquainted.
People enjoy doing business with people they know. If you're
in a business that requires a great deal of trust or confidentiality,
anything you can do to seem approachable is helpful.
A business card with your photo on it will help a new contact
find you in a meeting or help to differentiate you in a
group of people. If you often make initial contact with
someone on the phone or via email, sending them a card with
your photo on it before you meet in person is a thoughtful
gesture. Photos add color and interest to an otherwise boring
card.
Here are some of the disadvantages:
People make judgments based on the way we look, and it's
more than just professional attire or the expression on
your face. Your race, gender and age are also factors that
may influence someone's choice to contact you.
Photos add cost, not only in printing, but in having a good
quality photo taken. Your hairdo and your clothing in your
photo can date you. If you do not make new cards often (with
updated photos), that can be a distinct disadvantage. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What are the different
types of bindings I can use for my multi-page projects? |
| A: |
Perfect
binding: Gluing the outside edge of the signatures
to create a flat edge.
Saddle-stitch binding:
Uses one or more staples on the fold of the signature.
Side-stitch binding: Stapling
the signatures together on the side rather than the fold.
Case binding: Signatures
are sewn together and attached to the hard cover.
Plastic comb binding:
Plastic teeth are fitting into a stack of pages.
Three-ring binding: Holes
are punched into the pages and fitted into a binder. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What's the difference
between "spot colors" and "four color process? |
| A: |
Spot
colors are not blends of colors that create other colors but
individual colors that can be assigned PMS (Pantone Matching
System) numbers. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What are Halftones? |
| A: |
A
halftone is a way of using a stencil to mimic shading of a
color. This can be done using patterns of small dots, diamonds,
squares, or lines. As you lose focus on the pattern, your
eye blends the colors of nearby dots and background to make
a new color. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What are the most
common card stocks used in postcards? |
| A: |
The
three most popular card stocks offered by printers are:
- #100 lb. cover, c2s (coated two sides) is probably
the most popular.
- #100 lb. c1s (coated one side) is ideally suited for
postcard mailing.
- #12 Point c2s (coated two sides) is a luxurious premium
sheet with brilliant finish.
|
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What are the standard
sizes of postcards? |
| A: |
Most
printers sell postcards in three sizes. 4 x 6, 5 x 7, and
5.5 x 8.5. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
Does white count
as a printing color? |
| A: |
No.
White does not typically count as a color due to the fact
that this is the color of the paper in most cases. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What are the common
sizes for catalogs and booklets? |
| A: |
Most
commercial printers will offer your catalog or booklets in
these standard
sizes 5-1/2" x 8-1/2", 8-1/2" x 11", 8-1/2"
x 11, or 11 x 17. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is the difference
between coated and uncoated stock? |
| A: |
Uncoated
stock is a rough porous type of paper. It is normally used
in newspapers and tends to be less expensive. Coated stock
has a smooth glossy finish. Printing on this type of paper
will sharpen your text and graphic layouts. Coated stock,
however, can be a bit more expensive. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is PPI? |
| A: |
Pages
per inch is a "thickness rating." A paper that is
400 PPI takes 400 pages to equal 1 inch. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What are embossed
or debossed invitations? |
| A: |
Embossing
or debossing refers to the surface of the paper being either
raised or lowered. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What does the book
printer mean by trim size? |
| A: |
The
trim size refers to the actual size of the finished book. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is greeting
card scoring? |
| A: |
This
process involves partially cutting through the greeting card
so it will fold more neatly. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is dpi? |
| A: |
Dots
per Inch. The measurement of resolution for page printers,
photo type setting machines and graphics screens. Graphics
screens usually reproduce 72 dpi, most page printers 400 -
600 dpi, and typesetting systems above 1,000 dpi. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What does the gutter
refer to in book printing? |
| A: |
The
gutter is the space between the printed area and binding (AKA
margins). Make sure your gutter corresponds to the binding
being used. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What does camera-ready
mean? |
| A: |
This
is a printing term used for digitally submitted files. Basically,
it means that the images ready to be transferred to the printing
plates. The printer does not have to make any alterations
to your files. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
How come a pre-press
proof match does not match what I see on my monitor? |
| A: |
Due
to the wide differences in monitor calibration and the different
technologies used, some printed colors in your proof may not
exactly match the colors on your monitor. Make sure to always
ask the printer if they have any color management process. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is cover stock? |
| A: |
A
term used by paper manufacturers for a heavy paper that is
suitable for catalogs and other folders. Cover stock can come
in "coated" which has a smooth surface, or "uncoated"
in its original rough surface. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is direct
imaging? |
| A: |
Direct
imaging is when the image is printed directly onto the substrate(paper
stock) in a computerized printing process. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What are the measurements
for the most common business envelopes? |
| A: |
Commercial
business envelopes sizes are often referenced by a number
such as #9 or #10. The window in most commercial business
envelopes is 1-1/8 x 4-1/2. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is camera
ready art? |
| A: |
Camera
ready art is a high quality black and white print that is
ready to be scanned. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is digitizing? |
| A: |
This
is a method used to make an exact copy of your design into
a computer program that can be read by embroidery equipment. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What are color
separations? |
| A: |
A
color separation is an image that defines where one specific
color will be printed. Colors can be mixed by overlapping
areas of different color separations, so that one ink is applied
on top of the other. By combining this technique with halftones,
many variations of colors are made possible. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is the Pantone
Matching System? |
| A: |
The
Pantone Matching System, also known as the PMS color system,
is a popular color matching system used by the printing industry
to print specific colors. PMS match book are book of color
where each PMS color has its own name or number that helps
you make sure that your colors are the same each time you
print, even if your monitor displays a different color or
if you change printing services. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
How do I prepare
my text for the printer? |
| A: |
Adobe
PDF is the preferred text format used by most printers. It
works with virtually all imagesetters, platesetters and digital
output devises. Most popular file formats, including MS Word,
Word Perfect, MS Publisher are easily converted to PDF. PDF
is a “locked” format so there is no problem with
reflow when the files are opened on different computers. PDF
can be read on any PDF reader which are free at the Adobe
website. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is hexachrome? |
| A: |
A
color separation process, developed by Pantone, that uses
six colors instead of the four process colors. (CMYK + Orange
and Green) |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is a lupe
(loupe)? |
| A: |
A
lens used by photographers, printers, and designers to examine
details in printed materials. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is CTP? |
| A: |
The
term can be referred to as Computer-to-press or Computer-to-plate.
The first term involves digital imaging (DI) press that can
process a graphic file directly by its Raster Image Processor
(RIP), then image directly onto the printing plate with laser.
The second term refers to image setting onto printing plates
using a laser plate setter. Both processes eliminate the use
of films. It provides a more efficient and faster turnaround
workflow. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What does ‘Preflight’
do? |
| A: |
Preflight
is a quality control process to ensure a graphic design file
is properly produced and captured for raster image processing
prior to offset printing. The file is compared to a set of
guidelines established for the target print process. Examples
of verification includes font inclusion and RGB image conversion
to CMYK mode. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is Colour
Management? |
| A: |
Color
Management is a process used to coordinate reproduction of
colors between different input and output devices. By referencing
their color behavior to a known standard by means of device
profiles, the perceived color remains consistent throughout
the production steps. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is "Digital
Print Workflow"? |
| A: |
A
print publication is created electronically, proofed, transferred
and processed exclusively in digital format throughout the
print cycle. The resultant workflow is excellent for short
run on-demand type of printing requirements. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is "Monitor
Calibration"? |
| A: |
The
process of correcting the color rendition settings of a monitor
to match desired colors of printed output. A spectrophotometer
is used to calibrate the monitor and special software required
to create a profile for the monitor. |
| back
to top |
| Q: |
What is "R.O.O.M.
Proofing"? |
| A: |
A
unique ‘Read-Once-Output-Many’ (R.O.O.M.) proofing
method available only to digital print workflow. Certain raster
image processing (RIP) system can convert the final image
for printing into a TIF file format for verification prior
to image setting process. Along with a colour managed proofing
system, user can preview a highly colour accurate sample prior
to actual print. |
| back
to top |
|